THREE PILLARS of THE GOSPEL 

1. Atonement

Sin brings death: Romans 6.23

In God's Covenant arrangement Adam is the representative head of the human race

God warned Adam in Eden that the penalty for sin is death: Genesis 2.17

Atonement: the divine logic of love - John 3.16

God's mercy brings forgiveness > God's grace brings eternal life

Having no merit of our own we are saved by the merits of another, our substitute

Atonement in four steps

i. Christ is our substitute when we are united to him by faith

Being united to Christ he represents us and answers for us

Faith unites us to Christ – faith is the uniting grace

Union with Christ means we share his destiny: Romans 8.1

ii. Sin is transferred from us to Christ our substitute

Our guilt is imputed to Christ: Galatians 3.13

Christ's righteousness is imputed to us

iii. As the Lamb of God Christ clears the debt and stain of sin

Being a perfect sinless sacrifice the debt he paid was not for himself but for his people

Being a perfect and acceptable sacrifice he clears sin's stain

iv. Christ is our High Priest and represents us before God

A High Priest is appointed by God: Heb 5.1-5

A High Priest enters God's presence alone to make atonement

Christ though sinless himself was made sin for us

As our sin-bearer he dies

As sinless he lives: 2 Corinthians 5.21

He completes the act of atonement: Ex 28.33-35

The righteousness God provides

God's way of salvation is just and righteous: Romans 3.26

For his people Christ presents a righteousness that is perfect and acceptable to God

Such perfect righteousness must be rewarded with eternal life as promised in the Covenant: Romans 6.23

2. Justification

Our Justification is not by us or in us but an act of God's grace for us

Justification is a verdict and a sentence – it is a forensic act

Justification does not alter the thoughts or actions of the person who is justified

Justification gives or confirms our standing before God

The verdict

Negative: Not guilty: Romans 8.1

Positive: Righteous: 2 Corinthians 5.21; Romans 5.1

In a court of law a verdict does not change the accused's character

It confirms their standing in law – either guilty or not guilty

The verdict passed does not change my inclinations but gives me a new status

The verdict is that I am not guilty – that I am righteous and that gives 'peace with God': Romans 6.1 – John 8.1-11 and 1 John 2.1; 3.9

The sentence

Negative: 'No condemnation': Romans 8.1

Positive: 'Eternal life' = every blessing God has to give

God is obligated by his covenant promise to those who are co-heirs with Christ

The sentence passed is permanent, irreversible, irrevocable, irresistible, irrepressible, immutable, unchallengeable: Romans 8.38-39

How justification works

Justification is a judgement given by the Divine Judge

There is a counsel for the prosecution, Satan: Revelation 12.10

We must answer Satan's accusations

The accusations are valid and true (Romans 1 to 3)

We deserve a guilty verdict and a capital sentence

There is also a counsel for the Defence – Jesus our Advocate: 1 John 2.1

He uses three arguments in our defence:

1. that my faith has united me to Christ, who now answers for me

2. that the penalty I owed the court Christ has paid  in full and has redeem me from my debt

3. that Christ's righteousness is put to my account and is what I am now to be judged by

The only just verdict is 'not guilty'

The only just sentence is that I inherit all the blessings of the covenant

3. Sanctification

Sanctification is the state of having been sanctified

Sanctification and sanctified are about being holy and being made holy

The simple meaning of 'holy'

The simple meaning of 'holy' and 'sanctified' is to be separated, to be set-apart

This is how the word is most frequently used in the Bible

It may mean to put to one side or to be given a special place

This is often to be set-apart for God's exclusive use and may refer to people, places or property

'The Holy of Holies' was a place set apart for God's exclusive use

Old Testament Israel was set-apart by God for his exclusive purposes

Believers are set-apart by God as his own, for his glory and to receive his mercy and grace

We call this setting-apart 'election'

2. Sanctification: a process

Sanctification usually describes the Christian's progress in holiness

Sanctification is a life-long growth in grace and knowledge of the Lord

Sanctification is never complete is this life - there are many set-backs and failures

Progress in sanctification is always through God's grace in cooperation with the Holy Spirit

The more sanctified we become the more we see and feel how unsanctified we are

Our progress in sanctification is never the basis of our acceptance with God

3. Sanctification as a gift of grace

The sanctification that is the basis of our acceptance with God is a gift of grace

We receive the gift of complete sanctification through our union with Christ

Christ becomes our sanctification: 'You are in Christ Jesus, who became for us wisdom from God, and righteousness and sanctification and redemption.' (1 Corinthians 1.30)

This complete sanctification is called definitive sanctification

Christ becomes our definitive replete sanctification the instant we trust him for salvation

Union with Christ means we possess the holiness of Christ - not as merit but as gift

Christ as our sanctification is the ground of our justification

Christ as our sanctification means God's verdict on the believer must be 'Not guilty' but 'Righteous'

Christ as our sanctification is an objective fact not a subjective experience

Christ as our sanctification does not change our minds, choices or emotions

Christ as our sanctification changes our standing with God

'Christ our sanctification' guarantees peace with God – it is glory begun!

Reading the Puritans    

May I suggest some reasons that I hope will start you reading books written by the Puritans. First, I have to ask you to forget everything that you may have heard about these supposedly harsh, dusty, 'kill-joy', old men! What C.H. Spurgeon wrote of the books of the Puritan Thomas Brooks may stand as a description of all the Puritan books still in print today: 'As a writer, Brooks scatters stars with both his hands: he hath dust of gold; in his storehouse are all manner of precious stones.'

I want to encourage you to read these books, to find this treasure for yourself. It may take you about five minutes to get into their style and language, but it's really no great problem, just different. And anyway it's an exciting adventure into the past; as someone said: 'The past is a foreign country, they do things differently there'.

So reasons for reading Puritan books are that they:

• are as fresh as daisies and full of ageless wisdom.
• have stood the test of time, 400 years of time.
• are wholesome food for the mind and soul; as the Puritan Richard Baxter said, 'It is not the reading of many books that make a person wise, but the careful reading of few, could we be sure to choose the best'.
• have had an unequalled influence for good among the people of God.
• have a homely style; they wrote for simple, often uneducated people; although they wrote vast amounts, you can harvest much in a short time.
• offer a skilled diagnosis of the human heart and point to the most effective remedies for troubled souls; they were skilled physicians of the soul, able to tell us things about ourselves we thought only we knew, and then guide us wisely to the grace that heals.
• are packed with truth and Bible wisdom, so you don't have to read from 'beginning to end'. Take one chapter, or even take one or two pages. You'll be amazed how much golden truth you'll find packed into so small a space compared with almost any Christian book written in our own times.
• are grounded and founded on the Word of God; that's why they are full of timeless wisdom, able to speak peace to the heart; not for them 'flavour of the month', 'here-today-gone-tomorrow' trivialities. I began reading the Puritans when I was 14, and still read those same books 60 years later.

I agree with C. H. Spurgeon when he said: 'By all means read the Puritans, they are worth more than all the modern stuff put together.'

The Seeds Books Sow and the Harvest they Reap   

The Bible is to have first place in shaping our spiritual life and knowledge of Jesus Christ. We are 'people of the book'. But, like the Ethiopian diplomat, we often need to ask, 'How can I understand God's Word unless someone explains it to me?'

It has always been true that the Holy Spirit works through those he calls and equips to teach and preach the 'truth once delivered to the saints'.

For the building–up of his people, God made sure that those who've been most used in the Church wrote books. We're able to 'sit at the feet' of these people. This is a great privilege.

Paul must also have his books! (2 Timothy 4.13) Even at the end of his life, having walked so long with the Lord, having been a faithful teacher of God's Word, he must have his books!

…the Apostle had not given over reading, though he was already preparing for death. So where are those who think that they have made so great progress that they do not need to read anymore? And how strongly this refutes the madness of those who – despising books, and condemning all reading – boast of nothing but their own 'inspiration'. This passage gives to all believers a recommendation of constant reading that they may profit by it. (John Calvin)

In 1588 a Cambridge undergraduate travelled to hear a famous preacher. Richard Sibbes was that student; he was soundly converted and gave himself to the preaching of the gospel, by mouth and pen. He wrote a book, still in print, 'The Bruised Reed'. Several years later this book was read by Vavasor Powell, a Welsh preacher, born in Knucklas in 1617, a man powerfully used by God in Radnorshire and beyond. Powell records:

By a choice providence I came to find a book written by Doctor Sibbes, called the Bruised Reed, and by reading that I found there was encouragement for weak ones, and such who had but a smoke of true desire, though the fire of grace did not appear in them, yet still I was like one groping in the dark, till God sent a most holy sober mortified Christian to me, who seeing me like a Charcoal that had been in the fire, yet without light and life, he pitied my condition, and began to tell me, what a hard work the work of conversion was, it being no less than to make a stone flesh, or darkness light; these with many such words began to sink and to enter deep into my heart, from that time I took up the profession of Godliness.

Richard Sibbes' book was also read by Richard Baxter. Baxter, born near Shrewsbury, had remarkable ministries in Bridgnorth and Kidderminster. Sibbes' book helped Baxter understand the love of God and all that God provides for the believer in Christ. Baxter then wrote, 'The Saint's Everlasting Rest' – a book that's been in print ever since.

In 1702 the wife of a tradesman gave birth to her twentieth child. The child was given up for dead, but survived, to sit on his mother's knee and learn of God's grace. The child was Philip Doddridge; he was deeply influenced by the books of Richard Baxter. He also wrote a book, called 'The Rise and Progress of Religion in the Soul'. In 1767 an eight year old boy was lifted onto a table to demonstrate to young students the excellence of his diction. Years later this boy, travelling through France, read Doddridge's book. The book helped William Willberforce to do great good in the Kingdom of God. Willberforce wrote a book, 'The Practical View of Christianity'.

Willberforce's book, 'The Practical View of Christianity' had a dynamic effect on Thomas Chalmers. The great Thomas Chalmers, better known in Scotland than England, Principle of New College, Edinburgh, walked the streets of Edinburgh and seeing the poverty and ignorance, hopelessness and destitution would slip into alleyways to weep; then to work tirelessly to improve their lives and bring them the hope of the gospel.

PS

Vavasor Powell suffered for his faithful preaching, by long stretches of imprisonment. During one period in prison he complied a Bible concordance, A New and Useful Concordance. John Bunyan owned a copy of this Concordance and used it while he was in prison, writing The Pilgrim's Progress. The Concordance Bunyan owned has been preserved and its title page brings together the names of three of the greatest of the Puritans: there name of the books complier, Vavasor Powell; the name of John Owen, who wrote a lengthy recommendation; and the signature of John Bunyan, who owned the book.

John Owen, the most learned and profound theologian this country has produced, was asked by King Charles II why such a great scholar would waste time listening to the preaching of the tinker, John Bunyan, Owen replied, 'Could I possess the tinker's abilities for preaching, please your majesty, I would gladly relinquish all my learning.'